|
==Events== * 238 – Gordian I and his son Gordian II are proclaimed Roman emperors. * 871 – Æthelred of Wessex defeats a Danish invasion army at the Battle of Marton. *1508 – Ferdinand II of Aragon commissions Amerigo Vespucci chief navigator of the Spanish Empire. *1621 – The Pilgrims of Plymouth Colony sign a peace treaty with Massasoit of the Wampanoags. *1622 – Jamestown massacre: Algonquian Indians kill 347 English settlers around Jamestown, Virginia, a third of the colony's population, during the Second Anglo-Powhatan War. *1630 – The Massachusetts Bay Colony outlaws the possession of cards, dice, and gaming tables. *1638 – Anne Hutchinson is expelled from Massachusetts Bay Colony for religious dissent. *1697 – Charles II of Spain issued a Royal Cedula extending to the indigenous nobles of the Spanish Crown colonies, as well as to their descendants, the preeminence and honors customarily attributed to the Hidalgos of Castile.〔''Por cuanto teniendo presentes las leyes y cédulas que se mandaron despachar por los Señores Reyes mis progenitores y por mí, encargo el buen tratamiento, amparo, protección y defensa de los indios naturales de la América, y que sean atendidos, mantenidos, favorecidos y honrados como todos los demás vasallos de mi Corona, y que por el trascurso del tiempo se detiene la práctica y uso de ellas, y siento tan conveniente su puntual cumplimiento al bien público y utilidad de los Indios y al servicio de Dios y mío, y que en esta consecuencia por lo que toca a los indios mestizos está encargo a los Arzobispos y Obispos de las Indias, por la Ley Siete, Título Siete, del Libro Primero, de la Recopilación, los ordenen de sacerdotes, concurriendo las calidades y circunstancias que en ella se disponen y que si algunas mestizas quisieren ser religiosas dispongan el que se las admita en los monasterios y a las profesiones, y aunque en lo especial de que quedan ascender los indios a puestos eclesiásticos o seculares, gubernativos, políticos y de guerra, que todos piden limpieza de sangre y por estatuto la calidad de nobles, hay distinción entre los Indios y mestizos, o como descendentes de los indios principales que se llaman caciques, o como procedidos de indios menos principales que son los tributarios, y que en su gentilidad reconocieron vasallaje, se considera que a los primeros y sus descendentes se les deben todas las preeminencias y honores, así en lo eclesiástico como en lo secular que se acostumbran conferir a los nobles Hijosdalgo de Castilla y pueden participar de cualesquier comunidades que por estatuto pidan nobleza, pues es constante que estos en su gentilismo eran nobles a quienes sus inferiores reconocían vasallaje y tributaban, cuya especie de nobleza todavía se les conserva y considera, guardándoles en lo posible, o privilegios, como así se reconoce y declara por todo el Título de los caciques, que es el Siete, del Libro Seis, de la Recopilación, donde por distinción de los indios inferiores se les dejó el señorío con nombre de cacicazgo, transmisible de mayor en mayor, a sus posterioridades...'' (Cf. DE CADENAS Y VICENT, Vicente (1993). ''Las Pruebas de Nobleza y Genealogia en Filipinas y Los Archivios en Donde se Pueden Encontrar Antecedentes de Ellas'' in ''Heraldica, Genealogia y Nobleza en los Editoriales de «Hidalguia»'', 1953-1993: 40 años de un pensamiento (in Castellano). Madrid: HIDALGUIA, pp. 234-235. )〕 *1713 – The Tuscarora War comes to an end with the fall of Fort Neoheroka, effectively opening up the interior of North Carolina to European colonization. *1739 – Nader Shah occupies Delhi in India and sacks the city, stealing the jewels of the Peacock Throne. *1765 – The British Parliament passes the Stamp Act that introduces a tax to be levied directly on its American colonies. *1784 – The Emerald Buddha is moved with great ceremony to its current location in Wat Phra Kaew, Thailand. *1829 – In the London Protocol, the three protecting powers (United Kingdom, France and Russia) establish the borders of Greece. *1849 – The Austrians defeat the Piedmontese at the Battle of Novara. *1871 – In North Carolina, William Woods Holden becomes the first governor of a U.S. state to be removed from office by impeachment. *1872 – Illinois becomes the first state to require sexual equality in employment *1873 – A law is approved by the Spanish National Assembly in Puerto Rico to abolish slavery. *1894 – The first playoff game for the Stanley Cup starts. *1906 – The first England vs France rugby union match is played at Parc des Princes in Paris *1912– The State of Bihar, India was formed out of the State of Bengal. *1916 – The last Emperor of China, Yuan Shikai, abdicates the throne and the Republic of China is restored. *1920 – Azeri and Turkish army soldiers with participation of Kurdish gangs attacked the Armenian inhabitants of Shushi (Nagorno Karabakh). *1939 – World War II: Germany takes Memel from Lithuania. *1942 – World War II: In the Mediterranean Sea, the Royal Navy confronts Italy's Regia Marina in the Second Battle of Sirte. *1943 – World War II: the entire population of Khatyn in Belarus is burnt alive by German occupation forces. *1945 – The Arab League is founded when a charter is adopted in Cairo, Egypt. *1954 – Closed since 1939, the London bullion market reopens. *1960 – Arthur Leonard Schawlow and Charles Hard Townes receive the first patent for a laser *1963 – The Beatles' first album, ''Please Please Me'', is released in the United Kingdom. *1972 – The United States Congress sends the Equal Rights Amendment to the states for ratification. * 1972 – In ''Eisenstadt v. Baird'', the United States Supreme Court decides that unmarried persons have the right to possess contraceptives. *1975 – A fire at the Browns Ferry Nuclear Power Plant in Decatur, Alabama causes a dangerous reduction in cooling water levels. *1978 – Karl Wallenda of The Flying Wallendas dies after falling off a tight-rope between two hotels in San Juan, Puerto Rico. *1982 – NASA's Space Shuttle ''Columbia, is launched from the Kennedy Space Center on its third mission, STS-3. *1984 – Teachers at the McMartin preschool in Manhattan Beach, California are charged with satanic ritual abuse of the children in the school. The charges are later dropped as completely unfounded. *1989 – Clint Malarchuk of the Buffalo Sabres suffers a near-fatal injury when another player's skate accidentally slits his throat. *1992 – USAir Flight 405 crashes shortly after takeoff from New York City's LaGuardia Airport, leading to a number of studies into the effect that ice has on aircraft. * 1992 – Fall of communism in Albania: The Democratic Party of Albania wins a decisive majority in the parliamentary election. *1993 – The Intel Corporation ships the first Pentium chips (80586), featuring a 60 MHz clock speed, 100+ MIPS, and a 64 bit data path. *1995 – Cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov returns to earth after setting a record of 438 days in space. *1997 – Tara Lipinski, age 14 years and 10 months, becomes the youngest women's World Figure Skating Champion. * 1997 – The Comet Hale–Bopp has its closest approach to Earth. *2004 – Ahmed Yassin, co-founder and leader of the Palestinian Sunni Islamist group Hamas, two bodyguards, and nine civilian bystanders are killed in the Gaza Strip when hit by Israeli Air Force AH-64 Apache fired Hellfire missiles. *2006 – Three Christian Peacemaker Team hostages are freed by British forces in Baghdad after 118 days of captivity and the murder of their colleague, American Tom Fox. *2013 – At least 37 people are killed and 200 are injured after a fire destroys a camp containing Burmese refugees near Ban Mae, Thailand. * 2013 – American rock band, My Chemical Romance, announced their break-up on their website. *2014 – Forty-three people are killed in a mudflow near Oso, Washington. * 2014 – At least 251 people die when a boat capsizes in Lake Albert. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「March 22」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|